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Saturday, November 9, 2024

Kerre Woodham: There are benefits to affirmative action policies


I know for many people affirmative action programmes are a real sticking point. A new report in the New Zealand Medical Journal, has found that affirmative action programs at the University of Otago have however, significantly lifted Māori, Pacific, and rural enrolments over the last 30 years. Where they have failed is increasing the student numbers from poorer backgrounds.

So people don't like them, but they do actually work. Māori made up 20% of enrolments at the university's medical school over the last four years, reaching parity with European and Asian enrolments for the first time. For a very long time, that wasn't the case. Ten years ago, 7.6% of new domestic medical students at Otago identified as Māori, 2.7% as Pasifika, so that shows up in the workforce in which only 3.4% are Māori, 1.8% Pasifika. However, after more robust affirmative action policies were implemented at our medical schools there was a big change. By 2016, Māori and Pasifika students entering Otago Medical School had increased by 179%. Māori were about 16% of domestic students, Pasifika about 5.6%, which is pretty much in line with how they're represented in the population.

However, health profession courses at Otago are still dominated by students from wealthy backgrounds and top schools, despite rare efforts to recruit more people from poorer communities. So, if you're wealthy you're going to be fine if you want to be a doctor, you're going to be particularly fine if you're wealthy, comfortably middle class and Māori/Pasifika. Barack Obama famously said his two daughters, who have grown up in a privileged background, should not benefit from affirmative action programs when they are competing with students from poor white families.

What's more important? Your ethnic identity or your background? It's easy to dismiss affirmative action as racist or lowering standards, but just remember that if you're a woman you have been able to benefit enormously from affirmative action in just about every sphere of society - law, engineering, medical school. There was a time when it was thought only men had the brains and the mettle to make it in medicine. Affirmative action opened the door to women and now it's no longer needed. Women can see it and know they can be it.

Women now make up nearly 2/3 of all enrolments in health professional programs, up slightly from 1994. In fact, universities are starting to be concerned by the relative underrepresentation of young men in tertiary education and may well have to have a program encouraging young men to enrol at university in a number of courses. Places may well have to be kept for men in law school so that their profession is not flooded with women.

When you look at people who have received scholarships, you cannot really go past Sir Peter Buck, and this was at a time when standards were phenomenally high for anybody entering the profession. He went to Te Aute College, the Māori secondary school, got a scholarship to Otago University, where he graduated in medicine. He was awarded so many degrees, from so many prestigious universities —Yale, Rochester, Hawaii— he received military medals for distinguished service in wars, he was an anthropologist, he worked in public health. This was a scholarship kid, he did okay.

As did Māui Pōmare, which are from the young Māori Party who were a phenomenally talented group of young people and went on to equit themselves at the very highest level, with the very highest honours. Not every scholarship kid's going to be like that. Not everybody who is a recipient of affirmative action is going to be like that. Once you're in, you have to pass. And I don't know about you, but there are some incredibly clever, clever people who become doctors who probably shouldn't. They're smart, no doubt about that, they ace the exams. But when it comes to people? Not so much. Maybe they should go into pathology where they can just cut up dead things rather than deal with people one-on-one.

In an ideal world, we'd all start the same, we’d all have the same opportunities, we'd all have the same choices. This is not an ideal world. So when it comes to affirmative action, I know ideally we'd all compete on the same level playing field, but as a woman, because I have seen so many of this gender benefit, to the point that we're now going to have to start thinking about offering affirmative action policies to young men, I can see its benefits.

Kerre McIvor, is a journalist, radio presenter, author and columnist. Currently hosts the Kerre Woodham mornings show on Newstalk ZB - where this article was sourced.

4 comments:

Anonymous said...

Were women allowed in on a lower grade average though? Sorry Kerre, I just can’t see how dumbing down doctors can be a good idea. It’s also insulting - those Maori who qualify will be tainted by the affirmative action programme, even if they were bright enough to achieve straight A’s. Forget affirmative action and DEI. It’s yesterday’s brain fart. Merit, excellence and intelligence (MEI), these are things to be unashamedly encouraged and celebrated - and for professions where mistakes can kill, surely they should be essential prerequisites.

Joanne W said...

Yes, agree. A full training as a medical Dr takes 6 years, and that's a long haul for people from poorer backgrounds in particular. Auckland uni (where I worked, but not in the Med School) does have entry pathways for these students, but possibly not enough.

Barend Vlaardingerbroek said...

AA 'works' only in that is successfully engineers entry and graduation data with respect to arbitrarily designated social groups.
It is simple logic to posit that where there is a limited resource (in this instance, entry to competitive med courses), favouring Peter must disfavour Paul - from Paul's point of view it is reverse discrimination.
Not that there was any discrimination there to begin with - it is a pure assumption that where group X is underrepresented in intake stats, this must be because of discrimination - an assumption borne of neo-Marxist dogma.
In the US, Asian students have launched court actions against AA as entry qualifications for Negroes were lowered by a very considerable degree. Until a decision by the California SC, SAT scores for Asian applicants were actually lowered!
AA is the opposite of merit-based selection, Now we are sometimes told that it doesn't affect graduate quality but do take that assurance with a pound of salt. Who would dare fail a Negress?

Anonymous said...

Surely the issue is not how many Maori enrol in Med school, it is the question of how many graduate and become practising GPs. MAPAS has been going for over fifty years yet 2024's stats show that only 5% of doctors identify as Maori. Hardly a raging success.