If most New Zealanders were asked when Treaty obligations began influencing professional life, many would assume it happened recently. The reality is quite different. What we are seeing today is the result of a gradual institutional expansion that has been unfolding for nearly forty years.
These developments are documented in statutes, court decisions, and the public charters of professional and educational bodies across New Zealand.
The starting point was the 1987 Court of Appeal decision in New Zealand Māori Council v Attorney-General (1987), commonly known as the Lands case. In that decision the court ruled that the Crown must act consistently with the “principles of the Treaty of Waitangi.” That phrase – “Treaty principles” – became the mechanism through which Treaty considerations began to play a larger role in New Zealand law and public administration.